Long-Term Sentence in the Laws of the Former SFRY and Contemporary European Criminal Law
Summary: Life imprisonment is the term for a prison sentence based on which a convicted person remains in prison for their whole life. After the death penalty, it is the severest criminal sanction. Many countries have introduced it in their legislation as a substitute for the death penalty. On the other hand, many legislations have, along with the long-term sentence, introduced the possibility of the convicts’ release, most often conditional release. From the second half of the 20th century onwards, life imprisonment as well as the death penalty has most often been regarded an inhumane and inefficient sanction, given that people sentenced to life imprisonment are considered permanently excluded from society, that is, losing any kind of interest in rehabilitation. This paper analyses the issues related to long-term sentences - life imprisonment in the countries of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) and in the contemporary European criminal law.
Keywords: criminal offence, punishment, prison, long-term imprisonment, comparative law.
Rezime: Doživotni zatvor je naziv za zatvorsku kaznu na osnovu koje je osuđeni ostaje u zatvoru do kraja svog života. To je poslije smrtne kazne najstrožija krivičnopravna sankcija. U zakonodavstva mnogih država je uvedena kao zamjena za smrtnu kaznu. S druge strane, mnoga su zakonodavstva uz kaznu doživotnog zatvora uvele mogućnost koje osuđenicima omogućavaju puštanje na slobodu, najčešće u obliku uslovnog otpusta. Od druge polovine 20. vijeka doživotni zatvor se najčešće kao i smrtna kazna smatra nehumanom i neefikasnom sankcijom, s obzirom na to da se osuđenici na doživotni zatvor smatraju trajno izbačenim iz društva, odnosno gube bilo kakav interes za rehabilitaciju. U radu se analiziraju pitanja vezana za kaznu dugotrajnog - doživotnog zatvora u državama bivše SFRJ i savremenom evropskom krivičnom pravu.
Ključne riječi: krivično djelo, kazna, zatvor, dugotrajni zatvor, uporedno pravo.