Control of Risk and Insurance
Abstract: The realization of the risk depends primarily on its nature. But the risk can be multiplied, making it harder to control. Risk control and possibility to influence of its realization is one of the most complex operations, not just for insurance companies, but, also, for all subjects in society. The risk always threatens, no matter what consists and when and where it can achieve. We must study the risk, in the first place, from the aspect of the insurer, which is the his main activity (referring to the coverage of risks), but, also, we have to observe and protect against risk across the enterprise, legal persons, in general. This paper talks about risk control methods and ways of managing risk in the insurance companies, as well as the other legal entities, who seek protection from risks, primarily in insurance companies, but they must defined, the other models of protection. Also, this paper pays attention to one of the important acts when it comes to control risk by the insurer. This is the EU directive No. 2009/138/EC, which is called “Solvency II” and aimed at introducing a comprehensive risk management in order to protect the policyholders. The conclusion of this paper refers to the fact that the risk can be controlled and that the protection does not consist only in insurance, as well as, in coinsurance and reinsurance, but also in preventing, or, in taking action to reduce risks and damages.
Key words: risk, control, risk management, insurance, „Solvency II“, prevention, damage.
Kontrola rizika i osiguranje
Sažetak: Ostvarenje rizika zavisi, pre svega, od njegove prirode. Ali, rizik se može umnožavati, što otežava njegovu kontrolu. Kontrola rizika i mogućnost uticaja na njegovo ostvarenje predstavlja jedan od najsloženijih poslova, ne samo osiguravajućih društava, već i svih subjekata u jednom društvu. Naime, rizik uvek preti, bez obzira iz čega se sastoji i kada se i gde može ostvariti. No, rizik je najznačajnije posmatrati sa aspekta osiguravača, kojima je to osnovna delatnost (misli se na pokrivanje rizika), ali, značajno je posmatrati i zaštitu od rizika u okviru preduzeća, pravnih lica, uopšte.U ovom radu se govori o načinima kontrole rizika i načinima upravljanja rizikom, u okviru osiguravajućih društava, kao i u okviru drugih pravnih lica, koja zaštitu od rizika traže, pre svega, kod osiguravajućih društava, ali moraju definisati i drugemodele zaštite. Takođe, ovaj rad posvećuje pažnju i jednom od važnih akata kad je u pitanju kontrola rizika od strane osiguravača. Radi se o Direktivi EU br. 2009/138/EC, koja se naziva „Solventnost II“ i čiji je cilj uvođenje sveobuhvatnog upravljanja rizikom u cilju zaštite osiguranika. Ono što predstavlja zaključak ovog rada, odnosi se na činjenicu, da se rizik može kontrolisati i da se zaštita ne sastoji samo u osiguranju, kao i u saosiguranju i reosiguranju, već i u prevenciji, odnosno, u preduzimanju mera za smanjenje mogućnosti ostvarenja rizika i smanjenja nastalih šteta.
Ključne reči: rizik, kontrola, upravljanje, osiguranje, „Solventnost II“, prevencija, šteta.